nova video questions hunting the elements worksheet answer key quizlet
What is the number of subatomic particles in gold? protons/electrons – 79
neutrons – 118
Give one property of gold. doesn’t rust or tarnish
How much gold is in one ton of the mined rock? one ounce
How much is each truckload of ore worth, once the gold is extracted? $720,000
What determines how reactive an element is? how willing it is to share electrons
What are the noble metals Pd, Ag, Os, Ir, Pt, Au
Why is gold so heavy? it is dense
What is the number of subatomic particles in copper? protons/electrons – 29
neutrons – 35
List three uses of copper. pennies, infrastructure, electronics, plumbing
Give one property of copper. conducts electricity
What alloy does tin make when mixed with copper? bronze
How are atoms arranged in pure metals? orderly rows and columns
Why isn’t pure copper used for bells instead of bronze? it is softer and can be bent; not the same sound
How much would you have to zoom in on a map of the United States to replicate the power of an electron microscope? 100,000,000
Why is the microscope wrapped in acoustic blankets? absorb and reflect sound
What part of the atom is actually visible under the microscope? the outermost boundaries of an atom
What do protons determine about an element? the name of the element
What is the number of protons called? atomic #
Give an example of a real life object made from calcium. bone
Give an example of a real life object made from bismuth. stomach medicine
Give an example of a real life object made from bromine. soda
What is a family of elements? elements of similar properties
Where did the noble gases get their name? don’t like to react to other elements
What do electrons determine? reactivity
Give the number of atomic particles in chlorine. protons and electrons – 17
neutrons – 18
Chlorine wants to ________ one electron, becoming an _________. Chlorine wants to take one electron, becoming an ion.
Why do alkali metals and halogens react so strongly with other elements? halogens want to lose a valence electron.
What do sodium and chlorine make when combined? sodium chloride
What state of matter is sodium? solid
Is sodium reactive or stable? reactive
Name a practical use for sodium. artificial rubber
What state of matter is chlorine? gas
Is chlorine reactive or stable? reactive
Name a practical use for chlorine. pool cleaner
What state of matter is sodium chloride? solid
Is sodium chloride reactive or stable? stable
Name a practical use for sodium chloride. salt
What is ANFO? Ammonium Nitrate Fuel Oil
What do each of the spikes on the ion chromatograph represent? different elements in different locations
This is the chemical reaction of the ANFO explosion. Explain what happens during this reaction to release so much heat energy.
C+NH4NO3->H20+N2+O2 A big explosion occurs, destroying the chemical bonds. Basically, the heat destroys the chemical bonds.
Write the chemical equation for the burning candle. C+O
Write the chemical equation for the formation of rust. Fe+O
Compare the speed and explosive force of gunpowder, emulsion-gel, and C4. Which is the fastest? Explain why. gunpowder: fast, least explosive
emulsion-gel: high explosive, very fast
C4: very high explosive, blistering fast
List the six most common elements of life carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus,sulfur
What common object contains carbon, and name an important property? charcoal; can bond to itself
What common object contains hydrogen, and name an important property? water; lightest atom in universe
What common object contains nitrogen, and name an important property? fertilizer; plant food
What common object contains oxygen, and name an important property? water; fuels fire
What common object contains phosphorus, and name an important property? matches; ATP
What common object contains sulfur, and name an important property? tire; smells, used in tires
What can happen when excessive trace elements are lost from the body? sweating, hair loss
Describe a body function or part that utilizes calcium? bones, muscle contractions
Describe a body function or part that utilizes iron? blood, hemoglobin
Describe a body function or part that utilizes potassium? cramping
Describe a body function or part that utilizes zinc? energy metabolism
Describe a body function or part that utilizes magnesium? energy metabolism
Describe a body function or part that utilizes sodium? nervous system
What three conditions did the earliest bacteria need for energy production? hot water, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulfur, iron
What do cyanobacteria use for energy production? What do they release as waste? use of CO2 for energy and release oxygen
In the core sample collected from Yellowstone, which layer is the cyanobacteria? the greenish layer on top
What is the origin of hydrogen, the smallest element? the Big Bang
Describe the process of fusion and how it produces helium. it fuses two hydrogen atoms to make a helium atom
What happens when a star runs low on hydrogen fuel? it makes larger elements up to iron
What is created in supernova explosion? elements are heavier than iron
What elements is sand made of? silicon and oxygen
What is added to Gorilla Glass to make it stronger than normal glass? metal atoms
Where do most of the rare earth elements come from? China
How are the fifteen rare elements chemically similar? look alike, have same valence electrons
What elements are rare earth magnets usually made of? neodinium, boron, iron
Why are rare earth elements in such short supply? hard to separate
How do sharks react to rare earth metals? they do not like it and swim away; it repels sharks
Describe the following parts of the lemon shark experiment: Independent variable – elements
dependent variable – shark’s reaction
experimental group – samarium
control group – the tuna with lead
What is the difference between the compositions of these carbon isotopes?
Carbon-12, Carbon-13, Carbon-14 All three have 6 protons/electrons. Carbon-12 has 6 neutrons, carbon-13 has 7 neutrons, carbon-14 has 8 neutrons.
What happens to Carbon-14 over time? its atoms begin to break down
Define radioactive half-life. the time it takes for carbon-14 to decay
Based on carbon dating, how long ago did the tree die 150 years ago
Give the number of subatomic particles in uranium. protons/electrons – 92
neutrons – 146
How is the mousetrap simulation similar to a fission chain reaction? the mousetraps are uranium atoms while the ping pong balls are neutrons
What element was used as fuel for the “Little Boy” bomb? uranium – 235
What element was used as fuel for the “Fat Man” bomb? plutonium
